Flour Substitution Guide

Pick what you have, see what to substitute and how to adjust. Every flour compared.

I want to replace...
Adjustments needed
Flavor impact
✅ Works well for
⚠️ Be careful with

Quick Reference: All Flours

FlourProtein %Water AbsorptionFlavorDifficultyBest for
Bread Flour12-13%70-80%Neutral, mildEasyClassic sourdough, all recipes
All-Purpose Flour10-12%65-75%NeutralEasyBeginner loaves, discard recipes
Whole Wheat Flour13-14%75-85%Nutty, earthyMediumWhole wheat loaves, flavor enhancement
Dark Rye Flour8-9%85-100%Intense, tangyExperiencedRye bread, starter feeding
Spelt Flour13-15%70-80%Sweet, nuttyMediumArtisan loaves, adding sweetness
Einkorn Flour14-16%60-70%Buttery, richExperiencedHeritage grain loaves
Semolina Flour12-13%65-75%Earthy, sweetMediumItalian-style breads, dusting
High-Extraction Flour12-14%75-85%Complex, wheatyMediumArtisan loaves, added complexity